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High Court of Fiji |
IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
AT SUVA
CIVIL JURISDICTION
Civil Action No. HBC 231 of 2010
BETWEEN
DOMINION FINANCE LIMITED
a Limited Liability Company having its registered office at Suva in Fiji.
Plaintiff
AND
RONALD PAUL CHAN
of 33 Ragg Avenue, Tamavua, Suva.
Company Director.
1st Defendant
AND
TIKIKO TUWAI DRIU
of Nakavu Village, Nadi in Fiji, Company Director
and Pilot as Executor and Trustee of the Estate of
Nemani late of Nadi, retired Fire Officer.
2nd Defendant
BEFORE : Master Deepthi Amaratunga
COUNSELS : R PATEL Lawyers for the Plaintiff
M CHANDRA for the Defendant
Date of Hearing: 24th January, 2011
Date of Ruling: 10th February, 2011
RULING
7. In Fiji National Provident Fund V Shri Datt (1988) 34 FLR 67 Justice Fatiaki held that in setting aside of the default judgment following tests has to be applied:
a. Whether the defendant has substantial ground of defence to the claim
b. Whether the Defendant has satisfactory explanation for his failure to enter an appearance to the writ.
c. Whether the plaintiff will suffer irreparable harm is the judgment is set aside.
8. The 1st and 2nd Defendants have annexed their proposed statement of defence in this application to set aside the default judgment and it is marked 'c' to the affidavit in support and the defences are:
i) The Plaintiff failed to obtain proper market price of the 3 properties it sold by exercising its powers of sale.
ii) The mortgagee sale procedures have not been fully complied with
iii) 1st Defendant do not remember signing of third party mortgage or guarantee on behalf of the Waya Development Limited.
iv) Plaintiff have not made any effort to claim its debts against the rightful debtor
v) The interest was never agreed by them and in any event it is unjust.
9. The Plaintiff has failed to adduce any materials to show that the mortgagee sale were done improperly. While accepting that Waya Development, borrowed the sum of $300,000 defendants do not admit giving security for advance loan and if so what action has it taken when a demand notice marked 'SB 4' marked in the affidavit of opposition filed by the plaintiff, was served to them as well as to Waya Development. It is interesting to note that Waya Development is only having two directors and two shareholders and they are the 1st and 2nd Defendants. The demand notice was dated 2nd Deccember, 2009 and this action was filled only on 29th July, 2010 and it is strange that none of the Defendants took any notice of this demand notice if they did not sign a guarantee. It is also noted that the Defendants did not file an answering affidavit to the affidavit in opposition where this document marked 'SB4' demand letters were annexed.
10. The allegation of Plaintiff not making any effort to claim its debts against the debtor namely Waya Development cannot be a defence as they are the sole shareholders and directors of the company and if they wish an if the company is liquid money can be paid easily to the Plaintiff without much effort . It is also noteworthy the liability of the Defendant is not contingent on the failure of the recovery of the debtor, but upon the failure of the Debtor to repay the debt. Defendants' admit Waya Development obtaining the loan of $300,000 and the default of it by the debtor company where they are the sole shareholders and the only directors on board of the company. The liability of the Defendants arise from the default and there is no obligation to go after the debtor first in terms of the contract of guarantee that was entered by plaintiff and the defendants which is marked as 'SB 10".
11. It is clear that the defences in the proposed statement of defence cannot be accepted as arguable or having any merit.
Whether the Defendant has satisfactory explanation for his failure to enter an appearance to the writ.
12. As I have explained in the first part of my ruling dealing with the irregularity alleged by the Defendants it is clear that what the Defendants have tried was to include 1st Defendant who was yet to serve the writ on 6th September 2010 together with already out of time 2nd Defendant and to file the acknowledgment of service for both defendants on 6th of September, 2010. This was prevented by the High Court Registry and it was a correct decision. This cannot be used as an excuse as it was clearly out of time for the 2nd Defendant and as regards to the 1st Defendant there was no acknowledgment possible on 6th September, 2010 as he was served only on 9th September, 2010. 2nd Defendant knew clearly that the acknowledgement that was filed on the 6th September, 2010 was rejected. So the explanation given by the1st and 2nd Defendant is clearly not acceptable.
Whether the Plaintiff will suffer irreparable harm is the judgment is set aside.
13. It is clear that if the judgment is set aside plaintiff would incur unnecessary cost of prosecuting this action and also will be in danger of recovering what ever the amount that is possible. It is also noted without a defence that has any merits on it, if default judgment is set aside it will be seriously prejudiced and it would also delay in the recovery of money.
14. The application to set-aside the default judgment is struck out with cost assessed summarily at $ 750. The cost to be paid by Defendants jointly or severally with in 21 days.
Dated at Suva this 10th day of February, 2011
.................................................
Mr. Deepthi Amaratunga
Acting Master of the High Court
Suva
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URL: http://www.paclii.org/fj/cases/FJHC/2011/43.html